对划线部分进行提问,是初中英语的一种常见题型,主要考查针对句子中的某一成分提出问题的能力,实质上就是把一个陈述句变成一个特殊疑问句的过程。有的同学在做此类题的过程中,经常犯一些错误,拿不到满分。今天我们总结一下方法,这样同学们在做此类题目的时候争取能够拿满分!
一、对划线部分进行提问分三步法
第一步:
分析划线部分的内容,能用那个疑问词(what, when, how, where, who, which, whose等)来代替。
第二步:
写下疑问词后,找句子中是否有be动词,有be动词的做相应的变化;没有be动词,用助动词do/does(已给句子是一般现在时),然后找句子中的主语,主语写下来后,找动词,注意必须用动词的原形,接着剩下部分照抄。
第三步:
划线部分不能照抄,注意标点。
例句:I have
a pen pal.
1) 分析划线部分,是名词,选疑问词what;
2) 写下what,找句中是否有be动词,没有be动词,选择助动词do/does;主语是I,选择助动词do, 主
语I 改成you,动词have用原形。
3) 注意标点,句号变成问号。
4) 问句:What do you have?
二、常见的对划线部分进行提问的题型
1. 对主语提问
对主语提问时,只需找出一个恰当的疑问词代替划线部分;句子的语序不变。
(1)主语是人,用who代替。
1)
Miss Zhang teaches us English .
→Who teaches you English?
2)
Jim is a teacher.
→Who is a teacher?
(2)主语是物用what 代替。
1)
My bike is under the tree.
→What is under the tree?
2)
The apple is red.
→What is red?
3)There is
a book in the bag.
→What is in the bag?
(特殊事例 一般不用what is there 或what are there)
2. 对谓语提问(或谓语和宾语提问)
一般现在时的句子:
例句1:He
eats an apple.
(1)do代替eat,what代替an apple;
(2)写下疑问词,主语是he,无be动词,选用助动词does,动词原形用do;
(3)问句:What does he do?
例句2:She
does her homework.
(1)do代替does,what代替 homework;
(2)写下疑问词,主语是she,无be动词,选用助动词does,动词原形用do
(3)问句:What does she do?
规则:
在一般现在时中,对动词提问,用
do
代替划线动词;宾语用
what
代替;其句型结构是:
What do/does ... do
?
现在进行时
例句:He is
eating an apple.
(1)doing代替eating;what代替an apple;
(2)疑问词what,有be动词,写下is,主语是he,划线部分用doing来代替;
(3)写下句子:What is he doing?
规则:
●
在现在进行中,对动词提问,用
doing
代替划线动词;
●
宾语用
what
代替;其句型结构是:
What is/are…doing
?
3. 一般将来时
例句:He is going to
eat an apple.
(1)do代替eat;what代替an apple;
(2)疑问词what写下,有be动词is, 主语he,照抄,be going to是短语继续写,动词eat原形是do;
(3)写下句子:What is he going to do?
规则:
在一般将来中,对动词提问,用
do
代替划线动词。
三、疑问词用法口诀:
对物、人名、职业进行提问用what
对地点提问用where
对关系提问用who
对价格提问用how much
对几点几分提问用what time
对不是表示几点几分的时间状语提问用when
对年龄提问用how old
对颜色提问用what color
对身体状况提问用 how
对人提问用who(主格)或whom(宾格)
对出行方式状语提问用how
对星期提问用what day
对日期提问用what date
对天气提问用what is the weather like…?或how
对相貌特征提问用what…be…like?
对四季提问用which weather
练习题:
My notebook is
on the dresser. →
Where’s your notebook?
My notebook is on the dresser. →
What’s on the dresser?
My name is
Lily. →
What’s your name?
My telephone number is
1231231. →
What’s your telephone number?
Eight and two is
eight. →
What’s eight and two?
The rulers are g
reen. →
What color are the rulers?
This (That, It) is
an English book. →
What’s this/that/it?
I have
an eraser. →
What do you have?
The girl is
thirteen years old. →
How old is the girl?
The blue skirt is
$40. →
How much is the blue skirt?
Tom and Lucy have
three apples. →
How many apples do Tom and Lucy have?
The girl has
an eraser. →
What does the girl have?
Shirley is my English teacher. →
Who is your English teacher?
My name is Kelsy,
K-E-L-S-Y. →
How do you spell your name “Kelsy” ?
My favorite subject is
English. →
What’s your favorite subject?
She likes
music best. →
What does she like best?
Lily gets up
at around 8:00. →
What time does Lily get up ?
Her brother goes to school
at 9:00 on Sunday morning.
→
When does her brother go to school?
I like math
because it is interesting. →
Why do you like math?
I want to join
the swimming club. →
What club do you want to join?
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