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三步法做“对划线部分提问”题

对划线部分进行提问,是初中英语的一种常见题型,主要考查针对句子中的某一成分提出问题的能力,实质上就是把一个陈述句变成一个特殊疑问句的过程。有的同学在做此类题的过程中,经常犯一些错误,拿不到满分。今天我们总结一下方法,这样同学们在做此类题目的时候争取能够拿满分!
一、对划线部分进行提问分三步法
第一步:
  分析划线部分的内容,能用那个疑问词(what, when, how, where, who, which, whose等)来代替。

第二步:
  写下疑问词后,找句子中是否有be动词,有be动词的做相应的变化;没有be动词,用助动词do/does(已给句子是一般现在时),然后找句子中的主语,主语写下来后,找动词,注意必须用动词的原形,接着剩下部分照抄。

第三步:
  划线部分不能照抄,注意标点。
  例句:I have a pen pal.
  1) 分析划线部分,是名词,选疑问词what;
  2) 写下what,找句中是否有be动词,没有be动词,选择助动词do/does;主语是I,选择助动词do, 主
    语I 改成you,动词have用原形。
  3) 注意标点,句号变成问号。
  4) 问句:What do you have?

二、常见的对划线部分进行提问的题型
1. 对主语提问
  对主语提问时,只需找出一个恰当的疑问词代替划线部分;句子的语序不变。
(1)主语是人,用who代替。
  1) Miss Zhang teaches us English .
    →Who teaches you English?
  2) Jim is a teacher.
    →Who is a teacher?

(2)主语是物用what 代替。
  1) My bike is under the tree.
    →What is under the tree?
  2) The apple is red.
    →What is red?
  3)There is a book in the bag.
    →What is in the bag?
  (特殊事例 一般不用what is there 或what are there)

2. 对谓语提问(或谓语和宾语提问)
一般现在时的句子:
  例句1:He eats an apple.
  (1)do代替eat,what代替an apple;
  (2)写下疑问词,主语是he,无be动词,选用助动词does,动词原形用do;
  (3)问句:What does he do?

  例句2:She does her homework.
  (1)do代替does,what代替 homework;
  (2)写下疑问词,主语是she,无be动词,选用助动词does,动词原形用do
  (3)问句:What does she do?

  规则:
   在一般现在时中,对动词提问,用 do 代替划线动词;宾语用 what 代替;其句型结构是: What do/does ... do

现在进行时
  例句:He is eating an apple.
  (1)doing代替eating;what代替an apple;
  (2)疑问词what,有be动词,写下is,主语是he,划线部分用doing来代替;
  (3)写下句子:What is he doing?
  规则:
  ● 在现在进行中,对动词提问,用 doing 代替划线动词;
  ● 宾语用 what 代替;其句型结构是: What is/are…doing

3. 一般将来时
  例句:He is going to eat an apple.
  (1)do代替eat;what代替an apple;
  (2)疑问词what写下,有be动词is, 主语he,照抄,be going to是短语继续写,动词eat原形是do;
  (3)写下句子:What is he going to do?
  规则:
   在一般将来中,对动词提问,用 do 代替划线动词。

三、疑问词用法口诀:
  对物、人名、职业进行提问用what
  对地点提问用where
  对关系提问用who
  对价格提问用how much
  对几点几分提问用what time
  对不是表示几点几分的时间状语提问用when
  对年龄提问用how old
  对颜色提问用what color
  对身体状况提问用 how
  对人提问用who(主格)或whom(宾格)
  对出行方式状语提问用how
  对星期提问用what day
  对日期提问用what date
  对天气提问用what is the weather like…?或how
  对相貌特征提问用what…be…like?
  对四季提问用which weather

练习题:
  My notebook is on the dresser.         → Where’s your notebook?
   My notebook is on the dresser.         → What’s on the dresser?
  My name is Lily.                → What’s your name?
  My telephone number is 1231231.        → What’s your telephone number?
  Eight and two is eight.            → What’s eight and two?
  The rulers are g reen.             → What color are the rulers?
  This (That, It) is an English book.      → What’s this/that/it?
  I have an eraser.               → What do you have?
  The girl is thirteen years old.        → How old is the girl?
  The blue skirt is $40.             → How much is the blue skirt?
  Tom and Lucy have three apples.        → How many apples do Tom and Lucy have?
  The girl has an eraser.            → What does the girl have?
   Shirley is my English teacher.         → Who is your English teacher?
  My name is Kelsy, K-E-L-S-Y.          → How do you spell your name “Kelsy” ?
  My favorite subject is English.        → What’s your favorite subject?
  She likes music best.             → What does she like best?
  Lily gets up at around 8:00.          → What time does Lily get up ?
  Her brother goes to school at 9:00 on Sunday morning.
                          → When does her brother go to school?
  I like math because it is interesting.     → Why do you like math?
  I want to join the swimming club.       → What club do you want to join?

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